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《黑暗之魂3》刀、剑武器原型及历史出处解析

发布时间:2017-08-09 11:56 来源:互联网  作者:黄金爆乃头   编辑:小猫

 

  刺剑

  特大剑讲完了,说说名为刺剑的刺剑(ESTOC)。

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  The Estoc

  刺剑其实名为破甲剑。

  A form of long, rigid,pointed, triangular or square bladed and virtually edgeless sword designed for thrusting intoplate-armor was the estoc.

  破甲剑是一种较长刚硬且尖锐的剑身横截面成三角或者菱形的无刃的剑,专为刺入板甲而设计。

  Calleda stocco in Italian, estoque in Spanish, a tuck in English, Panzerstecher or Dreiecker inGerman, and a kanzer in Eastern Europe.

  意大利人一般称它为stocco,西班牙人一般称它为estoque,英国人把它叫做tuck,德国人称之anzerstecher或Dreiecker。

  They were usedwith two hands and similar to great-swords (but were unrelated to laterrapiers).

  它和大剑比较相似,人们一般双手使用(但它和后来的轻剑不同)。

  They were used in two hands with the second hand oftengripping the blade.

  双手使用时,次手一般握住剑的刃部。

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  Some were sharpened only near the point and othersmight have one or two large round hand guards.

  有些破甲剑只有在接近剑尖的部分开刃,有些还有一个或两个巨大的剑格。

  Rapiers aresometimes mistakenly referred to as tucks, and there is evidence that duringthe Renaissance some rapiers may have been referred to as such by the English.

  轻剑有时总是被误认为与破甲剑,并且有证据表明,在文艺复兴时期,有些轻剑在英语中被指认为破甲剑。

  In French "estoc" itself means to thrust.

  在法语中estos这个词就是刺入的意思。

  然后真正的刺剑是怎么样的呢(ricassos)。

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  Cut & ThrustSwords劈刺剑

  The term "cut and thrust sword" is a generalone which can be applied to a whole range of blade forms (field swords, sideswords, arming swords).

  “劈刺剑”泛指几乎所有刀剑(战场刀field swords、佩剑side swords、武装剑arming swords)。

  However, the Renaissance military sword is generallycharacterized by a swept or compound-hilt, a narrow cut-and-thrust blade withstronger cross-section, and tapering tip.

  然而,这种文艺复兴时期的军用剑具有特征性的意大利式圈状剑柄Swept-hilt式或复合剑柄compound-hilt、细长而高强度的劈刺剑身、并且有一个锥形的剑尖。

  A direct descendant of the medieval knightly sword,the cut and thrust sword was used by lightly armed footmen as well as civiliansin the 16th and 17th centuries.

  作为中世纪骑士剑的衍生物,在十六十七世纪劈刺剑总是装备在轻甲步兵和老百姓身上。

  During thistime they were employed against a range of armored and unarmored opponents.

  在那段时间里,他们被雇佣来对抗一系列有装甲和无装甲的对手。

  They were popular for sword & buckler and sword& dagger fighting.

  劈刺剑在小圆盾+剑与匕首+剑的比赛的优秀表现,使其很受欢迎。

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  They utilized an innovative one-handed grip fingeringthe ricasso (a dull portion of blade just above the guard).

  他们使用了一种创新性的单手剑把,这让他们能用手指操控ricasso(靠近剑格的一段剑身不开锋)。

  Renaissance cut & thrust swords should not bereferred to as "early Renaissance swords" since they were actually inuse throughout the period.

  文艺复兴时期的劈刺剑不应该当作是早期文艺复兴的剑,因为事实上人们整个时期都在使用它。

  Military andcivilian forms of them existed before, during and after the development of therapier.

  劈刺剑的军用和民用的版本很早以前就存在了,贯穿迅捷剑发展的前后。

  For example, similar blades (with and without ricassosand compound hilts) saw use in the English Civil War and even later.

  举个例子,类似的剑(有以及没有ricassos和复合剑格)被用于英国内战甚至更晚。

  They shouldalso not be referred to as "sword-rapiers" or "earlyrapiers", although in a sense, some of them were.

  劈刺剑不应该被当作普通剑和迅捷剑的混合或早期迅捷剑,尽管在某种意义上,有些劈刺剑的确是。

  Renaissance cut & thrust swords were their owndistinct sword type.

  文艺复兴时期的劈刺剑明显是独立的剑的类型。

  Although sometimes considered a "transition"form, this is inaccurate as they were both the ancestor and contemporary of therapier for which they are often misidentified.

  虽然劈刺剑有时候被认为是过渡的剑种,但与它经常与其混淆的迅捷剑不一样,因为劈刺剑可以说是迅捷剑的祖先与现状。

  Some forms ofcage & basket hilts blades are occasionally referred to as "ridingswords" by collectors and curators, and sometimes even as"broadswords".

  有些形式的笼手剑偶尔被一些收藏家与管理员当作骑士剑,有时甚至当作阔刃剑。

  However, the 16th century Italians did sometimesdistinguish between spada da cavallo, or a blade for horsemen, spadada fante, an infantry sword for foot-soldiers, and later spada dalato (side sword), a civilian cut-and-thrust sword, a form of which onlylater became the rapier (in modern times sometimes called a stricia).

  然而,16世纪的意大利人有时会区分spada da cavallo骑兵剑、spada da fante步兵剑、以及后来的spada da lato佩剑,civilian cut&thrust sword民用劈刺剑。劈刺剑后来才成为迅捷剑,在现代有时被称为stricia(意大利语)。

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  现代击剑的花剑和重剑奇源于轻剑,那是一种没开刃的长锥子。

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