坦克世界历史知识：英国A29坦克歼击车

　　With the upcoming line of British tank destroyers on the way, we can all expect some well known and exciting vehicles to take into battle, notably the Challenger, a heavily modified Cromwell mounting the near-legendary QF 17-pounder tank gun; faster, nimbler and lower than the Sherman Firefly, the A30/Cruiser Mark VIII “Challenger”, while hampered by delays was introduced just in time to see service in the final months of the Second World War. That is not the whole story though, the A30 Challenger, designed by Birmingham Carriage & Wagon Company, was not Britain’s only response to the increasingly larger and more sophisticated armour being produced by Germany during the war, but one of several designs, that emerged in the early 1940s. In late November/early December 1941, the British General Staff issued specifications for an ‘Assault’ tank and allocated the General Staff number A29 and was handed over to Rolls-Royce to design while Birmingham Carriage & Wagon Company was allocated the General Staff number A30.

　　随着英国坦克歼击车的道路上即将到来的路线，我们都可以期待一些知名的和令人兴奋的车送上阵，特别是挑战者，一个沉重修改克伦威尔安装近传说中的QF17磅反坦克炮;更快，更敏捷，比萤火虫更低，A30/巡洋舰马克八世“挑战者”，而被延误阻碍介绍的时候，正好看到服役在第二次世界大战的最后几个月。这不是故事的全部，虽然，在A30挑战者，伯明翰运输及旅行车公司设计，是不是英国的越来越大，越来越复杂的铠甲在战争期间所生产的德国唯一的反应，但一些设计之一，在出现40年代初。十一月底/1941年12月上旬，英国总参谋部颁发的“突击”坦克的规格和分配的总员工人数A29，并移交给劳斯莱斯的设计，而伯明翰运输及旅行车公司已分配的总员工人数A30 。

　　Rolls-Royce, although not as renown as Nuffield (Crusader) or Vauxhall (Churchill) was no stranger to tank design. Other than developing the Meteor engine, which powered many British tank designs, Rolls-Royce’s Clan Foundry in Belper also was involved in the redesign of the Cromwell Mark III tank. Clan Foundry used this experience to concieve the A29, which they had christened as ‘Clan’ after the foundry, where it was made.

　　罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司，虽然不如知名的纳菲尔德(十字军)或沃克斯豪尔(丘吉尔)是不陌生的坦克设计。除了开发流星引擎，动力许多英国坦克设计，劳斯莱斯的家族代工的贝尔帕也参与了克伦威尔Mark III的坦克进行重新设计。用这个经验铸造的A29，这是他们的代工厂，在那里它被做了之后，命名为“家族”。

　　The tank, developed by Rolls-Royce – although based on the Cromwell – was a behemoth, at 9’ 7” tall (2.92 m) and an estimated 43 long tons 5cwts (50.65 tons), of which 16 long tons was armour (the side by side sketch for the A29 and A30 are to two different scales). The front of both the hull and turret were 5” (127 mm) thick, and the side hull, including armour skirt, was 3½” (88.9 mm) thick. Like its rival design, the Challenger, it also was armed with a 76,2 mm QF 17-pounder gun, mounted in a turret similar to (but not exactly the same as) the one of Challenger (once again, it is worth noting the difference in scale of the two drawings). Although it is not mentioned in the written material, it is safe to assume that the Clan would invariably have an internal mantlet, adding to the frontal turret’s overall thickness like other contemporary British mantletess tanks.

　　该坦克由罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司开发的 - 尽管根据克伦威尔 - 是一个庞然大物，在9“7”身高(2.92米)，估计有43长吨5cwts(50.65吨)，其中16长吨为铠甲(中侧和侧面草图的A29 A30是两个不同的尺度)。的船体和炮塔的前面是10“(126毫米)厚，并且侧船壳，包括装甲裙，为3.5”(88.9毫米)厚。像其竞争对手的设计，挑战者，它也被装备了76.2毫米QF17磅炮，装在类似(但不完全相同)炮塔挑战者之一(再一次，值得注意的是在这两个附图中的比例之差)。虽然没有在书面材料中提到，它是安全的假设，该家族将总是有一个内部的盾，增加了炮塔前部的整体厚度像其他英国当代mantletess坦克。

　　The A29 Clan was to be propelled by a Rolls-Royce Meteor engine, up-rated to 700 bhp, which would give the Clan a top speed of 30 mph (48.3 kph) and power to weight ratio of 13.82 hp/tons. All this added armour and a heavier gun and turret of course came at cost, the weight was far higher than the existing Cromwell suspension could bear. Rolls-Royce’s solution was a new separate twin track suspension design, each track was 11” (279.4 mm) thick for a total of 22” wide tracks (558.8 mm), which would give the Clan excellent terrain passability. Inevitably, issues arose with the new, complicated suspension system, which caused delays in the programme, pushing the expected development finish all the way past February 1943. This proved to be the A29 Clan’s undoing and the project was cancelled in favour of the simpler A30 Challenger design. Rolls-Royce attempted to address these suspension issues with yet another design, the A31, but it too was cancelled.

　　在A29家族是由劳斯莱斯流星引擎推动，最高额定为700马力，这会给家族30英里每小时(48.3公里)和动力的最高时速与重量13.82马力/吨的比例。所有这些附加装甲和更重的枪，当然炮塔来了在成本，重量远远高于现有的克伦威尔悬挂可以承受的。罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司的解决方案是一个新的独立的双轨悬浮式设计，每首曲目为11“(279.4毫米)厚，总共22”宽轨(558.8毫米)，这会给家族优良的地形通过性。不可避免的是，问题出现了新的，复杂的悬挂系统，造成延误的程序，推动发展预期完成一路过去的1943年2月这被证明是A29宗族的撤销，该项目被取消了赞成简单A30挑战者的设计。罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司试图用另一种设计方案中，A31解决这些悬挂的问题，但它也被取消了。

　　A29 Clan

　　Weight: 50.65 tons

　　重量：50.65吨

　　Height: 2.92 m

　　高度：2.92米

　　OA Length: 7.47 m

　　OA长度：7.47米

　　Width: 3.2 m

　　宽度：3.2米

　　Contact Length: 5.58 m

　　车身长度：5.58米

　　Clearance: 0.5 m

　　间隙：0.5m

　　Engine: Rolls-Royce Meteor V-12 700 bhp, petrol, 13.82 hp/tons

　　发动机：劳斯莱斯流星的V-12700马力，汽油，13.82马力/吨

　　Top Speed: 48.3 kph

　　最高时速：48.3公里

　　Tracks: 279.4 m x2 (558.8 mm)

　　履带：279.4米X2(558.8毫米)

　　Armament: 1 QF 17-pounder (171/239/38mm), 1 unspecified coaxial machine gun

　　武器装备：1 QF17磅(二百三十九分之一百七十一/38毫米)，1个非指定同轴机枪

　　Armour: 127/88.9/???

　　装甲：127/88.9/?

　　In game, the A29 Clan would prove to be an interesting and probably unusual tank. Given its 17-pounder armament, it really can’t be tiered anywhere below tier 6, so likely tier 6 or 7. As for its classification it is called an ‘Assault tank’ and a ‘Heavy Cromwell’ in different documents, this would fall under the category of heavy tank in my opinion, especially given its 50 ton weight. While 127 mm of armour is no slouch, it is also fairly flat but then again so is the the 100 mm hull of the Tiger I and the 120 mm vertical plate of the IS and KV-3. Probably the most interesting armour feature of the A29 Clan are the sides. While you’re definitely not going to get 558 mm of side armour from your tracks (they will likely get a nominal 40 mm of armour value like the similarly double tracked American T95) they will definitely ruin somebody firing HEAT’s day. The combination of a heavy armour skirt the large distance between it and the actual tank hull will pretty much nullify anybody trying to fire HEAT or HE directly into your tracks.

　　在游戏中，A29家族将被证明是一个有趣的，也许不寻常的坦克。鉴于其17磅的装备，它真的不能分层下的任意位置第6级，所以有可能第6级或7至于其分类，它被称为“攻击性战车”和克伦威尔在不同，这会属于重型坦克在我看来范畴，尤其是考虑到成立50吨的重量。虽然127毫米盔甲是没有懈怠，这也是相当平坦，但话又说回来所以是虎的100mm的船体和IS的120毫米垂直板和KV-3。可能是A29家族中最有趣的铠甲的特点是两侧。而你肯定不会得到558毫米从轨道侧面装甲的(他们可能会得到一个标称40毫米护甲值的像类似双跟踪美国T95)，他们肯定会毁了某人射击热的天。沉重的铠甲的组合裙大的距离，并在实际的坦克船体之间会几乎抵消任何人想热化火，或他就直接到你的轨道。

　　The 17-pounder is a gun we should all be familiar with by now. 171/239/38mm penetration and 150/150/190 alpha. Now a very high alpha but more than makes up for it with its good penetration and soft stats (accuracy, dispersion, rate of fire etc.).

　　17磅的炮，我们都应该很熟悉了吧。二百三十九分之一百七十一/38毫米渗透和150/150/190阿尔法。现在是一个非常高的字母，但超过弥补了它以其良好的穿透力和脆皮(准确度，分散性，起火率等)。

　　Another excellent feature is the Clan’s speed, while the p/w ratio is on the lower side (13.82 hp/tons) a top speed of 48.3 kph is rather good for such a heavy tank and its double tracks should provide excellent terrain resistance in-game which would make it a very mobile heavy tank (also probably very fun to ram light tanks with!).

　　另一个优秀的特性是他的速度，而(13.82马力/吨)的48.3公里的最高时速是这样的重型坦克相当好，它的履带适应能力十分优秀。游戏里，它成为一个速度非常快重型坦克(也可能是非常有趣的公羊轻型坦克用!)。

　　I hope you enjoyed the article, hopefully I piqued your interest with the A31 because that will liekly be subject of my next article!

　　我希望你喜欢这篇文章，希望我激起了与A31的激情，期待我的下一篇文章!